Earlier than the time of Cairbre, son of Niall, the lands bordering Lough Sheelin, near the borders of counties Cavan, Longford, Westmeath and Meath, were inhabited by the pre-Gaelic? Glasraige people. When Niall of the Nine Hostages, King of Tara 379-406, was seeking territories for his numerous sons, he planted one of them, Maine, at Ardagh, and another, Cairbre, at Granard, whom he made lord and leader over the earlier peoples who possessed that land. These people were the Glasraidhe who occupied northern Teathbha (an ancient name for the area about Co. Longford).
The descendants of Cairbre, called the 'Ui Cairbri,' became the ruling family group in the area. Later the ' Conmaicne ' people pushed the ' Uí Cairbri ' people into a small space in the North-east corner of their once extensive kingdom (Meath, Fermanagh; Oriel). A tenth century chieftain of the Conmaicne was name Anghaile, and his descendants became known as Uí Anghaile (Annally of Thomond). The last lord of the ' Ui Cairbri ' line, described as the ' grandson of Cronin,' was slain at Granard in 1161. In the late twelfth century the Lords of Cairbre saw their territory being steadily encroached upon and filched away by the O'Rourkes on the North and the O'Farrells on the South.
The Book of Ballymote mentions the Glasraighe in Luigne of Meath, in the midland region of Ireland. They held the land of Uí Becon, the Uí Fiachrach and the "Luighni". They were 'exterminated' at the battle of "Cloithrean" by Nathi, son of Fiachra, and ever since that time Síl Nathi held Tír mBecon and Tír Fiachrach in Meath. The Book of Lecan places them in Magh Femin, while the Book of Lismore places them in Ciarraige Luchra, both apparently located in Munster.
Located in western Co. Cavan and northern Co. Meath. In the annals of the Four Masters about 728, Taichleach, son of Cenn Faeladh, is cited as Lord of Luigne (Mide).
- For 283, the sons of Uirgreann of the Luaighni Teamhrach (Tara), fell at Ath Brea, upon the Boinn (Boyne).
- For 984, Diarmaid, mac Uathmharáin, tighearna Luighne (Meath?), died.
- For 993, Eícneach h-úa Leocháin, rí Tuath Luighne.
- For 1002/1012, Cernachán, mac Flaind, tigherna Luighne.
- For 1093, Dub Dara mac maic Aigenain, rí (king) of Luigne Midi (Meath).
Muintir Geradháin, ocated on the west side of Lough Gowna in Co. Longford, possibly extending into south Leitrim. Mag Fhionnbhairr (e.g. Mac Ginver, Gaynor, or Finnevar) were noted chiefs.
- M1080, Numbers of the men of Teathbha, of Muintir-Gearadhain, and of the Cairbre-men, came upon a plundering excursion into Uí -Failghe... they slew Aedh, grandson of Dubhghall Mac Fhinnbhairr, chief of Muintir-Geradhain.
- CS1124, A raiding army was brought by Tairdelbach ua Conchobuir into Magh Cairbre and he plundered the Conmaicne, ... and a number of them were killed including the chief of Muintir Geradáin.
- M1156, Domhnall Mac Finnbhairr, chief of Muintir-Gearadhain, died at the battle of Cuasan.
- M1263, Aindiles Mag-Fhionnbharr (Maginver), Chief of Muintir-Gearadhain, died.
Located in County Sligo, the chiefs of Luigne in Sligo included O'Hara (Ó hEaghra) and O'Gara (Ó Gadhra). An early Luigni Connacht genealogy (in Rawlinson): Diarmait m. Fínnachta m. Cobthaich m. Máel Dúin m. Cind Fáelad m. Taiccthich m. Cind Fáelad m. Diarmata m. Findbairr m. Brénaind m. Nad Fróech m. h-Idin m. h-Idchuir m. Niad Chuirp m. LUí (a quo Luigni) m. Cornáin m. Taidgc m. Céin m. Ailella Auluimm.
- For 785, The battle of Ath Rois was gained by the Uí Ailella over the Luighni, in which Dubh Dathuath, son of Flaithghius, lord of the Three Tribes, was slain.
- For 926, Eaghra mac Poprigh, a namesake for the Ó hEaghra, was tighearna (lord) of Luighne Connacht.
- For 928, Muirchertach mac Eaghra was tighearna of Luighne.
- For 964, Toichleach ua n-Gadhra was tighearna of Luighne Deisceirt.
- For 993, Conghalach, mac Laidhgnen, .i. ua Gadhra, tigherna Gaileng.
- For 1023, Domhnall Ua h-Eaghra was tigherna of Luighne Connacht.
- For 1059, Duarcán Ua h-Eaghra was tigherna of Teóra Sloinnte Luighne and Ruaidrí h-Ua Gadhra was rígdomna of Luigne.
- For 1095, Taichleach Ua h-Eaghra was tigherna of Luighne.
- For 1155, Aodh Ua h-Eaghra was tigherna of Luighne.
- For 1157, Ruaidhri Ua h-Eaghra was tigherna of Luighne.
- For 1181 that Donn Sleibhe O Gadhra was ri (king) of Sleibe Lughu.
The Book of Leinster places them in Cualngiu [Eitheandca], and an early genealogical reference sems to connect Glasraigi h-i Cuailnge to Clan Conaill Cernaich, in descent from clan Conaill Costamail. Another early genealogy of the Glasraige attempts to connect them to Glas, of the race of Cairbre mac Neill (Ui Cairbri & Cairpre Gabra): Cú Maige m. Ingordail m. Ernáine m. Áedgega m. Fintain m. Mc Reithe m. M. Daimle m. Dega m. Cairpri m. Néill.
The name Muintir Anghaile became anglicized as the territory of Annaly in county Longford. Ua Fearghaile (O'Farrell) were long-time chiefs of Annaly. Their ancestry is claimed from the Conmaicne.
- M1141, Gilla-na-naemh Ua Fearghaile, chief of Muintir-Anghaile, the most prosperous man in Ireland, died at an advanced age, and was interred in Inis-Clothrann.
- M1143, Murchadh, son of Gilla-na-naemh Ua Fearghail, lord of Muintir-Anghaile.
- M1170, Domhnall, son of Murchadh Ua Fearghail, chief of Muintir-Anghaile.
- M1182, Amhlaibh (Auliffe) O'Farrell assumed the lordship of Annaly, and Aedh (Hugh) was expelled.
- LC1196, Aedh O'Ferghail, dux of Muinter-Anghaile, was slain by the sons of Sitric O'Cuinn.
- LC1207, Amhlaibh O'Ferghail, king-chieftain of Muinter-Anghaile, died.
- LC1212, Imhar O'Ferghail, dux of Muinter-Anghaile, rested.
- LC1218, Tadhg O'Ferghail, dux of Muinter-Anghaile, was killed by Murchadh Carrach O'Ferghail.
- C1232, Aed son of Amlaib son of Domnall son of Murchad son of Gilla na Naem son of Brian son of Senlaech son of Eochaid son of Fergal, from whom the name O Fergal is derived, was burned on the island of Loch Cuile, after holding for nine years the chieftainship of Annaly in succession to Murchad Carrach (the Scabby) O Fergail, by the sons of Aed Ciabach (Long-haired) son of Murchad son of Gilla na Naem O Fergail.
- C1262, The Meath Galls made a great raid on Gilla na Naem O Fergail, chieftain of Annaly. His own eraght deserted and sought refuge with the Galls, deposed him and installed the son of Murchad Carrach O Fergail in opposition to him.
- C1274.9, Gilla na Naem son of Aed son of Amlaib O Fergail, the most excellent chieftain of his day in all Ireland, died after a triumph of repentance, having been for thirty years ruler of Clann Conmaig meic Fergusa, defending Annaly against Galls and Gaels at large. Cathal son of Gilla na Naem succeeded him as chieftain and ruled for ten years.
- C1318, Sefraid son of Gilla na Naem O Fergail, chieftain of Annaly, died after completing thirty-six years of his reign.
- U1319, Murchadh O'Ferghail, chief of the Anghaile, was killed by John O'Ferghail, [namely] by the son of his brother. Muircertach O'Ferghail was killed by his own brother likewise on the same day.
- C1322, Morchad son of Gilla na Naem O Fergail, chieftain of Annaly for the space of three years, was treacherously killed at Cluain Lis Beci by his own brother's son, Seoinin O Fergail. Gilla na Naem son of Sefraid son of Gilla na Naem [O Fergail] assumed the chieftaincy of Annaly this year.
- C1347, Gilla na Naem son of Sefraid son of Gilla na Naem O Fergail, chieftain of Annaly, died in Cluain Lis Beci, having spent twenty six years in the sovranty of Annaly, after conquering the world and the Devil; and Cathal son of Murchad son of Gilla na Naem O Fergail succeeded to the chieftainship.
- C1348, Cathal O Fergail, chieftain for half a yeare of Annaly, died.
- U1352/LC1355, Domhnall, son of John O'Ferghail, chieftain of Mainister-Anghaile (Annaly), died, and was buried in Lethrath.
- LC1362, Diarmaid, son of John O'Ferghail, chieftain of Muinter-Anghaile, died.
- M1386, Carbry, son of Brian, son of Murrough O'Farrell, Lord of Caladh na h-Anghaile, a bountiful, generous, brave, and protecting man, died.
- C1398, Tomas son of Cathal son of Murchad O Fergail was killed by the Meath Galls at Killeen. This Tomas attained the lordship of Annaly in opposition to Seoan son of Brian son of Murchad, although it is not right to oppose a good senior kinsman.
- C1399, Seoan son of Brian son of Murchad O Fergail, chieftain of Annaly, died and Domnall son of Sean O Fergail succeeded.
- U1435, Ua Ferghail died this year: namely, Domnall Ua Ferghail, that is, chief of the Anghaile.
- U1445, The chief of the Anghaile (Ua Fergail) died this year: namely, William Ua Fergail.
- C1467, Domnall Buide O Fergail, chieftain in full of Annaly, died. Laisech son of Rosa son of Conchobar son of Cathal O Fergail died. Iriel O Fergail succeeded Domnall and Seaan succeeded Iriel.
- C1474, The chieftainship of Annaly was assumed by Seoan O Fergail in opposition to his own brother, who was blind. He died the next year.
- C1478, Peace was made in Annaly, which was divided into two [lordships.]
- M1486, Gilla-na-naev, the son of Donnell, son of Murtough Midheach, Lord of Cala-na-h-Anghaile, died at an advanced age.
- M1490, Edmond Duv, son of Ross, Lord of Cala-na-h-Anghaile, died; and Felim, son of Gilla-na-naev, who was son of Donnell, took his place.
Located in County Longford. O Cuinn (O'Quin) were lords of Muintir Giollagain, described at an early date as a principal tribe in Teathba. Their lineage is described in the Topographical Poems of O Dubhagain and O Huidhrin of the race of Rudhraigh, that is, of the same stock as Mag Raghnaill of Muinter Eolais, Muinter Fearghail, Mac Maoiliosa of Magh-Breacraighe, and Mag Finnbhairr of Muinter-Geradhain. McLysaght gives them as the same stock as the O'Farrells. This appears to tie their ancestry to that of the Conmaicne (of clan Rudhraigh) near the border of modern counties Leitrim and Longford. Their power was greatly reduced by the rise of the Muintir Anghaile, a tribe of the Conmaicne Rein later represented by their ruling sept, the O'Farrells.
- M1145, Aedh, son of Tadhg Ua Cuinn, chief of Muintir-Gilgain, fell by a party of the Muintir-Gilgain and the men of Teathbha.
- M1234, Dermot O'Quin, Chief of Muintir-Gillagan, was slain.
- M1255, Dermot O'Quin, Auliffe, his son, together with the chiefs of Muintir Gillagan, were slain at Faradhan Moighe Treagha, by Gilla-na-naev O'Farrell, who afterwards pillaged their territory.
- M1261, John de Verdun marked out the site of a castle at Moydow in Muinter Gilligain this year.
- M1265, Gilla-na-naem O'Quin, Chief of Muintir-Gillagan, Cathal Mac Rannall, Chief of Muintir-Eolais, and Murray O'Carroll, Chief of Calry, died.
- M1341, Cuconnaught O'Quin, Chief of Muintir-Gillagan, died.
- M1355, Cathal O'Quin, Chief of Muintir-Gillagan, and five others, were slain by the Clann-Shane and the Clann-Hugh.
- M1362, Carbry O'Quin, Chief of Muintir-Gillagan, died.
- M1381, Owen O'Quin, Chief of Muintir-Gillagan, died.
Centered in Oughteragh parish, barony of Carrigallen, southern co. Leitrim, a territory and tribe name later represented by Mag Dorchaidh (Mac Dorcy, Darcy). According to the Book of Fenagh, the name derives from a branch of Conmaicni Réin, i.e. the race of Luachan, son of Onchu, and 4th in descent from Cumscrach. The same source cites Uí Dubáin as a sept of Cenél Luachain of Conmaicne Réin. Septs of Cenél Luachain were also noted in co. Longford.
- C1275, Tomas Mag Samradain was killed by the Cenél Luachain.
- C1277, The Tellach Echach made a great raid on the Cenél Luachain in Glenn da Duile, killing Conchobar Mag Dorchaid and many others.
- U1281/C1284, Mag na h-Aidhche Mac Dorchaidh, chieftain of the Cenél Luachain, died this year.
- C1313, Gilla Isa Mag Dorchaid, chieftain of the Cenél Luachain, was killed by Conchobar Carrach son of Domnall Mac Diarmata.
- C1341, Domnall Mag Dorchaid, chieftain of the Cenél Luachain, died.
- C1384, Tomaltach Mag Dorchaid, chieftain of the Cenél Luachain, was killed with his own dagger while shoeing a horse.
- C1403, Tomaltach Oc son of Tomaltach Mag Dorchaid, last chieftain of the Cenél Luachain, was killed.
Caladh, remembered in the name Callow, was a district in the barony of Kilconnell, county Galway. In the Book of Uí Maine it mentions the King of Caladh "owned from Móinín Raideach [Móin Inraidech] to Cluain Tuaisceart na Sinda." O'Hart cites that O'Laodog or O'Laodhaigh, anglicised "O'Leahy," were chiefs of Caladh in this barony. McLysaght makes note of the sept of Lahiff (sometimes O'Lahy) in this general and gives their Gaelic name as O Laithimh. Caladh, i.e. Caladh na hAnghaile, was also a name given to a region in Annaly in modern co. Longford.
- M1475, The castle of Caladh was taken by Mac William of Clanrickard, and delivered up to the son of Melaghlin O'Kelly, who was the son of his Mac William's own daughter.
- C1475, Callow Castle was taken by Macwilliam of Clanrickard and given to the son of Maelsechlainn O Cellaig and his [Macwilliam's] daughter.
- M1519, Teige Roe, son of Melaghlin O'Kelly, Lord of Caladh, died.
- C1519, Tadc Ruad son of Maelsechlainn O Cellaig, who was called ‘Tadc of Callow,’ died.
- M1548, Magh-Slaine was plundered by O'Melaghlin (Teige Roe), by the English of Athlone, and by the fleet of Caladh.
- M1562, O'Rourke (Brian Ballagh, son of Owen), the senior of Sil-Feargna, and of the race of Aedh Finn, a man whose supporters, fosterers, adherents, and tributaries, extended from Caladh, in the territory of Hy-Many, to the fertile, salmon-full Drowes, the boundary of the far-famed province of Ulster; ...
- M1593, Teige, the son of William, son of Teige Duv O'Kelly of Caladh, in Hy-Many, died; and his death was among the mournful news of Hy-Many.
In O'Donovan's Tribes and Customs of Hy Maine are described the septs of Clann Cernaigh, in Tuaiscert Uí Maine. These included Uí Fináin (properly Uí Uain, alias Úi Nadsluaigh), Uí Laidhin (barony of Kilconnell), Uí Lachtnain, Uí Conbhuidhi, Uí Ullscaidh (alias Úi Fallscaidi), Uí Ceinneididh, Uí Dorchaidhi, Uí Sidhacháin (the pipers of Uí Maine), Uí Furadháin, Uí Cuillen (or Cuilein), and Uí Crabhadhain.
Clann Indrechtaigh, alias Clann Innrachtaigh mic Maelduin are described in In O'Donovan's Tribes and Customs of Hy Maine as a branch of Síl Anmchadha, including Muinter Ruairc, Mac Brain, Mac Muroin, Muinter Mailchadha (of whom are Muinter Dubhlainn, Uí Flannchadha, &c.), Muinter Mailcroin, Mic Dungail, Muinter Arrachtain, Muinter Dubhgilla, and Muinter Conrui.