Broughton
Manor (Burton in 1177) was granted by John, Count of Mortain in 1190 to Iorwerth
de Hulton. On John's becoming king, he gave the vill of Pendelton to Iorwerth.
In 1324, Broughton proper was held by Katherine Banastre daughter of Adam and
descended to the Harringtons of Farleton to their title sucessors the Stanleys
Lords Mounteagle. Between the localities of Broughton and Cheetham, Tetlow was
held in the fourteenth century using the local surname due to being the fortieth
part of the knight's fee. The Hospitallers land was parcelled around the priory
of Lenton where Kersal in 1142 and St. Leonard's was established there. It was
sold to Baldwin Willoughby when the dissolution of the monasteries grew forgetting
of the honour of Lancaster with the value of Salford seated about the northeastern
hills to the west the river and to the south- a demesne of fords to Irwell. Lenton
derives the Kenyon third and Siddall third.
The Kenyon third of Broughton
was alienated in 1660 to the Byroms of Manchester, a Jacobite family of hymn-writers
and inventors who followed the Benedictine premises by way of their order.
The
lower room of the Kersall cell in the east wing has oak panelling all round to
a height of 7 ft., and in one of the upper lights of the window is a circular
piece of heraldic glass with the arms and name of Avnesworthe. The staircase is
of Jacobean date with square oak newels and open twisted balusters, now varnished.
It goes up to the top of the house, which in the centre has an attic. The most
interesting room, however, is that usually called the chapel, on the first floor
at the west end. It is a small room about 18 ft. long and 13 ft. wide with a five-light
window facing west. It occupies the rear portion of the west wing, the room in
front with its bay window being sometimes known as the priest's room. In the second
light is a shield, with the arms of Ainsworth, with helm, crest, and mantling.
The centre light has two small diamond quarries in brown stain. On a beam in front
of the window is an elaborate plaster frieze with three shields of arms, somewhat
similar to those at Slade Hall, Rusholme. The centre shield bears the royal arms
(France quartered with England) with crown and supporters, dexter a lion, sinister
a dragon. The left-hand shield is of six quarterings, encircled by a garter, and
originally with crest and supporters, but the dexter support and the crest have
been cut away, when the plaster panel over the angle fireplace was inserted. The
arms are those of Ratcliffe, Earl of Sussex, who quartered FitzWalter, Burnel,
Botetourt, Lucy, and Multon of Egremont with his paternal coat. The right-hand
shield has the arms of Stanley, Earl of Derby, encircled by a garter, with crest
(eagle and child) and supporters. There is a frieze in the south wall apparently
of the same date with Tudor roses and fleurs-de-lys. Over the angle fireplace
is a plaster panel of later date, with a shield bearing the arms of Byrom (a cheveron
between three hedgehogs) with crest (a hedgehog), and the initials E. B. over.
On each side of the shield is a fleur-de-lys, and below is the date 1692. The
south and part of the north wall are panelled to the height of 6 ft. in oak, and
the door is set across the south-east angle, balancing the fireplace.
Stockport
in the Domesday Book of 1086 only occurs as Cheadle and Bramhall. The Normans
fortified the site and perhaps named it before there were markets in its name
for a six hundred yeare old district that was regarded by Agricola, a guardian
passage of the Mersey. It was the second Sir Robert de Stokeport, a successor
of one of the barons created by Hugh Lupus d'Avranche, nephew of King William
the Conqueror, who obtained the Charter of Freedom for the town around the middle
of the thirteenth century, whilst the third Sir Robert de Stokeport obtained a
grant of a weekly market and a yearly fair. By 1172 a castle stood in Castle Yard,
where the present market place now is and it withstood a siege by Henry II. By
1327 it was held by the de Spencer family.
The origin of Audenshaw
is probably from a personal old English name "Aldwine," however, an original part
of Ashton Parish. The ancient Lords of the Manor were Duckenfield Family, and
it once lay in the parish of Stockport. In the 16th century it was, with Ashton,
the chief township east of Manchester. The name Dukinfield means literally "ducks
open land," hence "ducks in a field." Richard de Birches and Margery his wife
in 1246 claimed the latter's dower in respect of her former husband's (Martin
son of Adam) land in 'Aldewainescath,' against Adam de Audenshaw. Jordan son of
Adam de 'Tongton' was a surety. The former's holding may be the 'manor of Moston'
alluded to in a note in the account of Moston township, as held by the Hydes of
Denton.
TAMESIDE in 47 AD, when the Romans reached the Fosse line,
the kingdom of Brigantia came under Roman rule, and suffered strict and oppressive
measures after the Brigantian revolt of 68 AD. Tameside featured on the road which
the Romans built from Manchester to Leeds next to Ashton under Lyne and a branch
to the fort at Melandra ran through the northern part of Mossley, within the present
Borough. By the 7th century Anglian immigrants had moved into the region and occupied
the land under Roman rule and until Saint Columba, monasteries were no exception
through continental Anglican town for the naming of a borough. The River Tame
itself and other places such as Werneth Low as well as Ashton and Denton. In an
entry from the Cheshire Domesday of 1086 the land was in the possession of Hugh
d'Avranches, earl of Chester - his possessions were listed as also including Romily,
Tintwistle and Werneth. Ashton is now the main town of Tameside, it hardly existed
as an entity in medieval times, though in 1413 a Market Charter was granted to
Sir John Assheton to be held close to the church of St Mary and the church of
St Michael (the latter being St Michael's in Ashton). The Charter also granted
a twice annual fair to be held in July and November such as that of Hartland and
sheep grazing pastures on the moorlands to the east towards Saddleworth.
TRAFFORD
(arms) incorporates elements and insignia taken from historic town
On the
shield is a Griffin, representing the de Trafford Family who gave their name to
the borough. The Griffin is counterchanged - the top half being the red (gules)
eagle on a white background, and the bottom half being the white (argent) lion,
representing the Massey Family of DUNHAM
MASSEY, on a red background. The arm is also charged with a gold (or) cogwheel
taken from the Altrincham Arms to represent engineering. The two branches of oak
are taken from the Urmston Arms to represent the wooded countryside in that area.
The two supporting creatures are both (unusually) unicorns. The one side is a
pure white (argent) unicorn taken from the Sale Arms, and another is ermine as
in the Altrincham Arms. The latter wears a blue and white barred collar from part
of Bowden's Crest. The white unicorn is derived from the crest of the Carringtons,
kinsmen of the Masseys of Sale, whose three black diamonds (or lozenges) are seen
in both the Sale and Carrington families' shields.
In the absence of records no account can be given of the descent of the various
free tenancies in Audenshaw, Alt, Asps, Alston lands, Bardsley, Beckington Field,
Heyrod, Hurst, Knolls, Light Birches, Lees, Mossley, Palden, Rasbotham, Rougheyes,
Rhodesfield, Shepley, Sherwind, Sunderland, Taunton or Tongton, Three Houses,
Waterhouses, Woodhouses, and Williamfield.
In TAUNTON, Huish Champflower
mentioned in the Domesday Book is northwest of Wiveliscombe close to the River
Tone that flows through Taunton. St. Peters Church with a tower house of five
bells. Wiveliscombe is a former borough from the market and cloth making near
the Devon / Somerset border included with the parishes of Ashbrittle, Bathealton,
Brompton Ralph, Chipstable, Clatworthy, Fitzhead, Huish Champflower, Milverton
and Stawley. There is a fifteenth church at Ashbrittle, St John the Baptist, whose
churchyard is home to one of the oldest living things in the UK, a 3000-year-old
English Yew, named one of the "Fifty Great British Trees." The parish of Bathealton
is small and scattered with St Bartholomew’s Church, facing one side of Blackdown
Hills. At Brompton Ralph, St Mary's Church was partly rebuilt about 1740 and there
are vestiges of a Roman camp in the near vicinity. Clatworthy Parish church is
called St. Mary Magdalene. Fitzhead House was once the principal residence of
Lord Ashburton, from the old tithe hall to St. James Church. Milverton in the
Domesday Book refers to a mill and is the crown of Taunton Deane. Stawley village's
church, St Michael's has a register dating from 1528.
Much the same are
the hamlets recorded in the hearth-tax return of 1666. There were 538 hearths
liable, of which in Ashton proper the houses of Richard Hurst and Nicholas Walker
had six each, of Rector Ellison, five; at Audenshaw — Robert Ashton, ten, and
John Sandford, six; at Little Moss—William Bell, eight; and at Woodhouses—Samuel
Jenkinson, seven. No other dwelling had as many as six hearths. The freeholders
in 1600 were Miles Ashton of Heyrod, Robert Ashton of Shepley, Randle Hulton of
Sunderland, and Richard Shalcross of Limehurst. A few other names can be gathered
from the fines and inquisitions. At Alt Hill in the 18th century were seated the
Pickfords, ancestors of the Radcliffes of Royton.
