Fourteen kings and almost two hundred years later, King Malcolm II the Destroyer was influenced by the Saxon method of succession in the male line of inheritance, but had no male issue. It is suspected that he conspired against the successors of his father, Kenneth II, who reigned from 971 - 995, to gain the throne. Malcolm the Destroyer won the Battle of Carham in 1018, whereby he gained Lothian from the Northumbrians. It happened that he reigned for twenty-nine years at the same time as King Canute and his successor was Shakespeare's venerable Duncan. Canute started to call himself Emperor of the Anglo-Saxons and Danes. Canute marched north with a great army awaited by Malcolm and the Scots on Scotland's most blessed barrier: Scotland's moat where the long Forth estuary might be bridged. Any invasion of Alba, Scotland north of Forth, had to cross at Stirling and where Malcolm's grandson, the young MacBeth appears on the scene when as Mormaor of Moray and Ross, had brought the strength of two provinces to his grandfather.