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The history of the alphabet since the 15th century BC and various Indo-European languages belonging to the Italic branch have like their neighbors, named religion. Old Italic refers to several now extinct alphabet systems used on the Italian peninsula in ancient times for various Indo-European (predominantly Italic) and non-Indo-European (e.g. Etruscan). Phoenician influence in the West-Central Mediterranean region, whether the process of adaptation from the Greek alphabet took place in Italy from the first colony of Greeks, the city of Cumae, or in Greece/Asia Minor. It was in any case a Western Greek alphabet. Soon after the Etruscan language itself became extinct, the classical alphabet remained in use until the 2nd century BC when it began to be contaminated by the rise of the Latin alphabet. During the 1st millennium BC, in the Bronze Age, one can witness the first wave of migrations into Iberia of speakers of Indo-European languages. The Iron Age spread to Western Europe, Egypt declined as a major power, Buddhism was founded by Siddharta Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (6th century BC), Jainism was founded by Mahavira (6th century BC), Darius the Great expanded the Persian Empire to its greatest reach, which extended from Greece, down towards Egypt, and east towards Pakistan (5th century BC).
Hellenic Greek culture spread through the Mediterranean after Alexander the Great conquered the Persian Empire in the 4th century BC. China was unified under the Qin Dynasty when the Celts invaded Western Europe. Then the Roman Republic rose; between Rome and Carthage, the Punic Wars lasted longer geoculturally than the history of the colonies involved. Japan was founded during the first millennium BC and the Maya civilization began in the 10th millenium of Mesoamerica; The Maya calendar is actually a system of distinct calendars and almanacs used by the Maya civilization of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, hence the most important of these calendars is one with a period of 260 days.
Another theory (Chernorizetz Hrabar) asserts that the Glagolitic alphabet was based on ancient Slavic runes (lines and notches), which like the Germanic runes were only used in sacred texts of the pre-Christian Slavic religion.
Armenian, an Indo-European language spoken in Armenia, Iran, Georgia, Turkey, Azerbaijan. The Armenian name for the Armenian language is Hayeren. A significant number of Armenian root words owe their origin to or are similar to roots in Old Persian, revealing common Indo-European ancestry. In about 404 or 406 AD, a cleric at the Armenian royal court by the name of Mesrop Mashtots (361-440 AD) invented the Armenian alphabet. He modelled the Armenian alphabet very losely on the Greek alphabet and was also possibly influenced by the Assyrian script. Phoenician adapted from the Greek alphabet. The direction of writing is from let to right in horizontal lines. Most of the letters have numerical values. Related languages: Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian Old Church Slavonic, Polish, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Sorbian, Ukrainian .