Naram-Sin (2254-2218), Sargon's grandson (2155 BC–2119 B.C. short chronology) recorded the Akkadian's wars against the Armeni people in Ararat. The Armeni is a reference to Armen who was the ruler of the Armenian tribe (Armen's followers, the Armenians [Uraštu in Akkadian language], were referred to as Armeni or Armens at the time). Naram-Sin expanded his empire by defeating the King of Magan at the southern end of the Persian Gulf and conquering the hill tribes northwards in the Taurus Mountains. Under Naram-Sin (the third successor and grandson of Sargon), the Akkadian Empire reached its zenith in Neolithic Civilization. Naram-Sin traded with Meluhha or the Indus Valley civilization and controlled a large portion of land along the Persian Gulf. It is also unknown if Sargon, grandfather of Naram-Sin, and Manishtushu, father of Naram-Sin, also fought against the Armeni people of Ararat during their rule of the Akkadian Empire. It is highly probable however considering that Naram-Sin recorded multiple wars with the Armeni people of Ararat.
Babylonia, named for its capital city, Babylon, was an ancient state in the south part of Mesopotamia. The city of Babylon was given hegemony over Mesopotamia by king Hammurabi in 1792 B.C. -1750 B.C. and after the Amorite conquests of Uruk and Isin, during the growth of Babylonia which became larger than Thebes, Egypt. Next, the wars of Hammurabi led to Mesopotamian Rebellions, the early Unetice culture, beginning of the Bronze Age in Central Europe. Egyptian vassal states in Palestine lay much closer as did the border with the hostile Hittite empire.
In middle chronology, the millenium events were either warring or colossal, but is 64 years or one period between identical conjunctions of Venus, Sun and Moon. From 1750 BC, the Hyskos appeared in the eastern Nile Delta during the Second Intermediate Period of Ancient Egypt. The splintering of the land accelerated after the reign of the Thirteenth Dynasty king Neferhotep I. It was during the reign of his brother and successor, Sobekhotep IV, that the Hyksos made their first appearance, and around 1720 B.C. took control of the town of Avaris a few miles from Qantir.
Besides Thera (Aegean) and Crete (Mediterranean), only two other sites have a record of Minoan civilization besides Avaris are 'Tell Kabri,' and Alalakh in Syria. Alalakh was founded during the Middle Bronze Age in the 2nd millennium BC, as one of the first great cities of the Fertile Crescent. The first palace on the citadel of Alalakh was built c. 2000 BC, contemporary with the Third Dynasty of Ur.
The Peoples of the Sea destroyed Alalakh in the 12th century; in line with the other cities of the Levant, there is a gap in structures, writing or works of art at Alalakh between 1200 and 850 BC, the Dark Ages of the Ancient Near East. In the Aegean, Thera island, over the following centuries, first Phoenicians, then Dorians, came to control the island. Thera, the main Hellenic city of the island, on Mesa Vouno, 396 m above sea level was founded in the 9th century B.C. by Dorian colonists whose leader was Theras, according to tradition, and continued to be inhabited until the early Byzantine period. Crete in the Meditteranean was the center of the Minoan civilization (ca. 2600–1400 BCE), the oldest civilization in Europe.
| The Eighteeneth Dynasty marks the beginning of the New Kingdom. Various pharaohs extended the control of Egypt further than ever before, retaking control of Nubia and extending power northwards into the Upper Euphrates, the lands of the Hittites, and Mitanni. The Nineteenth Dynasty was founded by Ramesses I. The time frame for the reign of Ramesses II is often believed to have coincided with the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. From the Third Intermediate Period, after the death of Ramesses XI, the High Priest of Amun at Thebes Piankh, assumed control of Upper Egypt, ruling from Thebes, with the northern limit of his control ending at Al-Hibah. Memphis and the Delta region became the target of many attacks from the Assyrians, until Psammetichus managed to reunite Middle and Lower Egypt under his rule forming the Twenty-sixth dynasty-Seventh Dynasty. |  |