(MA-RUI, MOLROY, ERREW, SUMMARYRUFF, also SAGART-RUADH)
In Ulster, Armagh was also a barony of the ancient site of Emain Macha (Navan Fort), noted center of the kings of Uladh (Ulster), is located outside the city of (Crew Hill) Armagh of the Three Collas.
The Oirghialla named for Oriel, Argyle, and the three Collas went to Scotland, were closely related to the Uí Maine of Munster. The Dál Riada extended their kingdom into Scotland probably during the 3rd to the 7th centuries. In 575 Columba revisted ireland with King Aidan of Dalriada to hold a national convention at Drumceatt (Mullagh) near Londonderry attributed separately from the Tara kings-of Meath. From Dál Riata was the tribal and territorial name of the early tribes of County Antrim, particularly the northeast portion. The area later known as the Route (Rúta), in northern co. Antrim, is often equated with the Dál Riada. Tribes outside the 750 A.D.
Laigen territorial boundary (and within the boundary of modern Leinster province) included the powerful Southern Uí Néill septs of Clann Cholmaín and Síl nÁedo Sláine of Mide and Brega respectively. In Ireland, the Dumnonii were generally known as the Laigin, and originally became overlords in the southeastern and central regions, and in Connacht. From there they later spread to other parts of Gaeldom. The southern Uí Néill were overlords in territories which included counties Meath and Westmeath, as well as portions of counties Longford, Offaly, Louth, Dublin and Kildare. The dominance of the Cenél Eóghain continued as they drove further south, subjugating other Airghiallan tribes, and by the 11th century the Cenél Eóghain had moved their power base from Aileach to that near Tullahogue in modern day county Tyrone (named from Tir Eóghain, or Tir Owen).
The first kings of Dál Riata whose existences are reasonably sure are Fergus's grandsons Gabrán mac Domangairt and Comgall, or perhaps his great-grandson Áedán mac Gabráin, whence the Scots came from a kingdom in Antrim, Ireland which was known as Dalriada and what the Romans called Caledonia. The domain of the Cenél nGabraín, eponymous for Gabrán mac Domangairt, appears to have been centred in Kintyre and Knapdale and may have included Arran, Jura and Gigha. An entry in the Annals of Tigernach, probably originating in Clonmacnoise, Breifne, Ireland for the yeare 501. In ancient times from Fermanagh to Leitrim formed the western half of the kingdom of Breifne. The Book of Kells, source of much history from this time period, refers to the ruler of Moray and the high king of Alba with the same term: King of Scots. St. Benedict of Nursia was a contemporary of Irish abbots Columba and the Finnians. The written rules attributed to Columba, Comgall, Ailbe of Emly (Imlech) in Munster, Carthach are products of the eigth century Culdee revival of discipline led by Mael-ruain of Tallaght. This reformer's death in 702 was followed by Viking raids and rule for Culdees attributed to St. Carthach (d.637) who founded the monastery at Rathen in Offaly from which his monks fled to Lismore. The See of Ossory, akin to Kells, like that of Meath, takes its name from a district, was originally established at Saiger, now Seir-Kieran, in the territory of Ely O'Carrol, about the yeare 402, by St. Kieran (Ciaran). It is increasingly believed the ornate Book of Kells was actually made on Iona by monks of the Columban church and is notable for having originated in what is now considered a Lowland area.
The power of the Uí Néill rose during the 700s and this continued into the 800s. After conquering the province of Airgialla (central Ulster) between 750 and 850, the Northern Uí Néill turned their attention to the eastern province of Ulaid. The southern Uí Néill, on the other hand, had gained control over northern Laigin. In 841 the Dane Vikings set up fortified camps at Annagassan (county Louth) and Dubhlinn (present day Dublin). Clonmacnoise, Birr and Clonfert were pillaged, plundered the monasteries of Cork, Lismore and Aghabo. The Norse Vikings arrived in force in East Anglia in 866, and in 870 they killed the East Anglian king, Edmund. Then Powys, Chester, and Northumbria , York (Jorvik) and Bernicia, and Carlow entered the Danelaw. While North Yorkshire had both a Roman and Viking history as being the capital of its kings when Deira continued to have an Anglian king Edwin of Northumbria and his daughter Acha married Æthelfrith of Bernicia. The Danes went to England between York and London (Danelagen or Danelaw), Normandie, Holland and the southern coast of the Baltic sea between Jutland and Gdansk with Stettin/Szczecin (Jomsborg) as the main port to the continent. trade contacts with the Mediterranean area - both indirect over the continent and direct through the Gibraltar. The area occupied by the Danelaw was roughly the area to the north of a line drawn between London and Chester. Five fortified towns became particularly important in the Danelaw: Leicester, Lincoln, Nottingham, Stamford and Derby, broadly covering the area of Ely now called the East Midlands. Viking towns were soon established at Dublin, Waterford, Wicklow, Cork and Limerick. In France, the Vikings formed the Kingdom of Normandy on the north coast. The Greenland Vikings had invaded Anglo-Saxon Britain on a far greater scale than they ever had in Ireland, completely obliterating and colonising the Christian Kingdom of Northumbria as well as East Anglia and large parts of Mercia.
The O’Beolairts (O Beollain) or Gillanders (Giolla Aindreas) of the Cenél Eoghain descendants from Conall Gulban, son of Nial of the Nine Hostages, of Tirconnell and Donegal were co-arbs (hereditary abbots) of St. Maelrubha at Applecross in Ross-shire.. They provided High-Kings of Tara alternately with their Cenél Eoghain cousins until the end of the eighth century, the Cenél Eoghain being dominant as overlords of the Northern Ui Niell from the end of the eighth century onward. In 1164 King Somerled of the Isles (MacDonald) invited the chief co-arb of St. Columba to accept the Abbacy of lona; but the Cenél Connaill would not allow the Columban primacy (which first went from lona to Kells, and then to Derry in Donegal, the homeland of the Kindred) to pass from Derry back to the Hebrides. They were a powerful princely family, and became earls of Ross in the early thirteenth century. Towards the end of the fourteenth century they inherited the chiefship of the Clann Aindreas, or Clann Giolla Aindreas (Clan Gillanders), a native Pictish tribe related to the MacKenzies and Mathesons and among whom they had long been ecclesiastical and secular leaders. At about the same time they were artificially dispossessed of the Earldom of Ross by the King of Scots, and afterwards the family adopted as a surname what had for some time been the descriptive epithet of (de) Ross. They are also known by the patronymic of MacAndrew (Mac Gille Aindreas) from the clan name, while the original family name of O Beollain survives as MacBeolain, following Scottish prefix usage. A branch of the O’Beolains became hereditary abbots (erenaghs) of the Columban church at Drumcliffe in Sligo, and were famous for their hospitality. Some of the MacAndrews settled in the Clan Chattan country, and sought the protection of the MacKintosh about 1400. The MacBeolains occupied Glenshiel and the south side of Loch Duich as far as Kylerhea. Fearcher MacTaggart (Mac an tSagairt—"the son of the priest") of Applecross was created Earl of Ross in 1234.
The Scottish acceptance of Magnus III as King of the Isles came after the Norwegian king had conquered the Orkney Islands, the Hebrides and the Isle of Man in a swift campaign earlier the same year, directed against the local Norwegian leaders of the various islands. The Outer Hebrides would remain under the Kingdom of Mann and the Isles while the Inner Hebrides broke out under Somerled. After Somerled's death in 1164 the rulers of Mann would no longer be in control of the Inner Hebrides.
Dunadd, lies in the present day Mid-Argyll including the so-called Dark Ages to the end of the Lordship of the Isles and the rise of the Campbells, who were also patrons of the Gaelic arts in terms of the old county of Argyll, extending on the mainland from the Mull of Kintyre to Kinlochleven on the east of the Great Glen and to Fort William on the west side, and embracing the Inner Hebrides as far north as Tiree and Coll.
William de Ros, 7th Baron de Ros, KG (1369 – September 1, 1414) was Lord Treasurer of England. In 1396, William accompanied the King to Calais for his marriage to his second Queen consort Isabella of Valois, daughter of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. William was in charge of investigating the activities of Lollards in Derbyshire, Middlesex and Nottinghamshire from 1413 to his death. He seems to have been a special favourite with the first monarch of the House of Lancaster and was employed him in various civil affairs of great importance.
Little remains of the original Bangor Abbey after repeated attacks by the Danes, who destroyed it in 824. It was restored by Saint Malachy (Archbishop of Armagh) in the 12th century, given to the Franciscans in 1469, and to the Augustinians a century later. It was finally dissolved under James I.