Crom Cruach
Saint Tirechan's memoir of Saint Patrick, written in 670 A.D. known as the "Breviarium." which is preserved in the Book of Armagh. Tirechan used notes given to him by his teacher Saint Ultan of Ardbraccan who died in 657 A.D. and who lived a very long life. Ultan probably would have known people who lived in the time of St. Patrick.
The Venerable Bede, the “Father of English History” who was born 673, tells us that the Pictish race, one of the founding races of the British Isles, arrived in Scotland (Pictland) from Brittany about the 15th century B.C. The surname Andress is claimed to be derived from the founding race. King Nechtan was the first recorded Pictish Monarch about 724 A.D. The Orcadian Vikings who penetrated as far south as Caithness invaded the Picts from the north. They were left with a territory on the eastern coast of Scotland from the land of the Taxali: Aberdeen south to Edinburgh. Manuscripts such as the Inquisitio, the Black Book of the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, The Ragman Rolls, the Chronicles of the Picts and Scots, and various other cartularies of parishes in Scotland. This name was strongly associated with the Clan Ross.
The Dal Riada (Rosemarkie) were originally a tribe of North Antrim in Ireland. The chief kindreds of the Dal Riada of Argyle, the Cenél Loairn and the Cenél nGabrain, soon spread into much of Scotland with the uniting of their kingdom and the Kingdom of the Picts. The 8th century British historian, Bede, noted that Pictish royal succession was through the female royal line. Pictish kings were not succeeded by their sons, but by their brothers or nephews or cousins in this rare matrilineal society, which was complicated by a series of intermarriages between seven royal houses. There was an ancient Celtic earldom of Ross in the north-east of Scotland, in what is now the county of Ross and Cromarty, between the Cromarty and Dornoch Firths, north of the land of the Caledonii at Inverness, from the second century AD, the presence of Gaelic speaking Celts in Skye. When the Romans occupied what is now England and Wales and called it Britannia. To the north was territory not conquered by the Romans: Caledonia. Fortriu was in the north of Scotland, centered on lands of the Decantae of Moray and Easter Ross, where most early Pictish monuments are located. The Earldom of Moray was forfeited after the rebellion of 1153-1154 until other troublesome Morays were relocated to Southern Scotland.
The Picts were the true ancestors of the Scottish nation and their territory was taken over by the Scots in the 9th century, little else is definite at about the time the Irish discover America into the millenium from Cashel. Picts were ancient inhabitants of Central and Northern Scotland and of North Ireland as was the Cornovii of Caithness, Cheshire, and Cornwall. The Picts are believed to have arrived in Scotland from the Continent about 1000 BC and in Ireland from Scotland about 200 A.D. Hadrian's Wall was built to protect the Roman colonies from their attacks. Also present at this time were the people whom the Romans called the Hiberni. These Hiberni were the Irish of the time. The most powerful people in Europe with lands stretching from Anatolia in the East to Ireland in the West, the Celts were unable to prevent intertribal warfare.
In Southern Scotland there were also the various tribes of the Britons. The Britons came from three very powerful Germanic tribes, the Saxons, Angles, and Jutes. The people of Kent and the inhabitants of the Isle of Wight are of Jutish origin and also those opposite the Isle of Wight, that part of the kingdom of Wessex which is still today called the nation of the Jutes. It was then that Strathclyde occupied the northeast with the Scots and Picts on the north across the Forth, and pagan Angles of Northumbria to the east and south. The Roman invasion was commanded by Aulus Plavius who was govenor of Pannonia Traditionally, the barbarian Saxons were settlers, invited by Vortigern of Guorthegirnaim to aid him in battling the Picts but by 442 the Britons had lost control of Romano-British society was finally breaking down.
In 449, Martian being made emperor with Valentinian, and the fortysixth from Augustus, ruled the empire seven years. Then the nation of the Angles, or Saxons, being invited by the aforesaid king, arrived in Britain with three long ships. In 597 Pope Gregory sent a Christian mission to Britain which was led by Augustine landed in Kent (Herne). In Britain for a few hundred years after the Roman victories on mainland Europe, the Celts held on to much of their customs and especially to their distinctive language which has survived today as Welsh. In Brittany, Armorica is the name given in ancient times to the part of Gaul that includes the Brittany peninsula and the territory between the Seine and Loire rivers, extending inland to an indeterminate point and down the Atlantic coast. It is based on the Gaulish phrase "are mori" "on/at [the] sea", made into the Gaulish place name Aremorica 'Place by the Sea'.